Garaaca Wadnaha ee Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) waa garaac wadne oo aan joogto ahayn isla markaana mararka qaar aad u degdeg badan. Garaac wadne oo aan caadi ahayn waxaa loo yaqaan arrhythmia. AFib waxay keeni kartaa xinjiro dhiig oo ku samaysma wadnaha. Xaaladdan waxay sidoo kale kordhisaa khatarta istaroogga (stroke), wadne-fashilka iyo dhibaatooyin kale oo la xiriira wadnaha.
Marka AFib dhacdo, qolalka sare ee wadnaha (atria) waxay u garaacaan si jahawareer ah oo aan nidaamsanayn. Garaacoodu lama jaanqaado qolalka hoose (ventricles). AFib waxay keeni kartaa wadne garaac degdeg ah oo xoog leh, neef-qabatin ama wareer. Dad qaarkood ma dareemaan wax calaamado ah.
Weerarrada AFib way iman karaan oo way tegi karaan, ama way joogtoobi karaan. AFib badanaa ma aha xaalad si toos ah nolosha halis u gelisa, balse waa cudur culus oo u baahan daaweyn sax ah si looga hortago istaroog.
Daaweynta AFib waxaa ka mid noqon kara daawooyin, daaweyn koronto oo wadnaha lagu celiyo garaac caadi ah (cardioversion), iyo habraacyo lagu xannibo calaamadaha koronto ee khaldan ee wadnaha.
Qof qaba AFib waxa kale oo uu yeelan karaa nooc kale oo garaac wadne oo loo yaqaan atrial flutter. Daaweynta AFib iyo atrial flutter waa isku dhow.
Calaamadaha
Calaamadaha AFib waxaa ka mid noqon kara:
- Wadna garaac degdeg ah ama boodboodaya (palpitations).
- Laab xanuun.
- Wareer.
- Daal.
- Madax wareer fudud.
- Awood jimicsi oo yaraata.
- Neef-qabatin.
- Tabar-darro.
Qaar ka mid ah dadka qaba AFib ma laha wax calaamado ah.
Noocyada AFib
- Mid marmar dhaca (Paroxysmal AFib): Calaamadaha way imanayaan wayna tegeyaan. Waxay socon karaan daqiiqado ilaa saacado, mararka qaarna ilaa toddobaad. Mararka qaarkood si iskood ah ayay u baaba’aan.
- Mid joogto ah (Persistent): Garaaca aan caadiga ahayn waa joogto, mana is saxayo laftiisa. Daaweyn ayaa loo baahan yahay.
- Mid muddo dheer jiray (Long-standing persistent): Waxay socotaa in ka badan 12 bilood.
- Mid joogto u noqda (Permanent): Lama soo celin karo garaac caadi ah; daawooyin ayaa loo baahan yahay si loo xakameeyo garaaca iyo xinjirowga dhiigga.
Goorta La Arko Dhakhtar
Haddii aad leedahay calaamadaha AFib, samee ballan baaritaan caafimaad. Waxaa laga yaabaa in laguu gudbiyo dhakhtar ku takhasusay cudurrada wadnaha (cardiologist).
Haddii aad qabto laab xanuun, si degdeg ah u raadso gargaar caafimaad, sababtoo ah waxay muujin kartaa wadne-qabad.
Sababaha
Wadnaha wuxuu leeyahay afar qol:
- Laba qol oo sare (atria).
- Laba qol oo hoose (ventricles).
Gudaha qolka sare ee midig waxaa ku jira unugyo loo yaqaan sinus node oo bilaaba calaamadda garaaca wadnaha. Calaamadahaas waxay maraan atria, kadibna waxay gaaraan AV node, halkaas oo ay ku yara gaabiyaan ka hor inta aysan u gudbin ventricles.
Marka AFib jirto, calaamadaha korontada ee atria waa jahawareer, taasoo keenta garaac degdeg ah oo aan nidaamsanayn (100–175 garaac daqiiqaddii).
Waxyaabaha Keena AFib
- Cillad wadne oo lagu dhasho.
- Cudurka sick sinus syndrome.
- Hurdo-qabatin (sleep apnea).
- Wadne-qabad.
- Cudurrada waalka wadnaha.
- Dhiig karka.
- Cudurrada sambabka.
- Xididada wadnaha oo ciriiri noqda (coronary artery disease).
- Cudurka qanjirka thyroid (gaar ahaan mid firfircoon).
- Qalliinka wadnaha ama walwal/jirro daran.
- Cabidda khamriga ama kafee badan.
- Sigaar cabid ama isticmaal daroogooyin sharci-darro ah.
Arrimaha Khatarta Kordhiya
- Da’da oo kordha.
- Khamri badan.
- Dhiig karka.
- Cayilka.
- Sonkorow.
- Cudur kelyaha ama sambabka.
- Taariikh qoys.
- Isticmaalka nikotiin ama daroogooyin.
- Cudurka thyroid.
Dhibaatooyinka
Dhibaatada ugu weyn waa xinjiro dhiig oo sababi kara istaroog.
Daawooyinka dhiig-khafiifiya (anticoagulants) ayaa loo isticmaalaa si looga hortago xinjirowga iyo istaroogga.
Ka Hortagga
- Xakamee dhiig karka, kolestaroolka iyo sonkorowga.
- Ha cabin sigaar.
- Cun cunto caafimaad leh oo cusbo iyo dufan yar leh.
- Samee jimicsi ugu yaraan 30 daqiiqo maalintii.
- Ilaali miisaan caafimaad leh.
- Seexo 7–9 saacadood habeenkii.
- Yaree walbahaarka.
Baaritaanka
AFib mararka qaar waxaa lagu ogaadaa baaritaan caadi ah.
Tijaabooyinka waxaa ka mid noqon kara:
- Baaritaan dhiig.
- ECG (Electrocardiogram).
- Holter monitor.
- Echocardiogram.
- Raajo laabta.
- Tijaabo jimicsi.
Daaweynta
Ujeeddooyinka daaweynta:
- In la soo celiyo oo la xakameeyo garaaca wadnaha.
- In laga hortago xinjirowga dhiigga.
Waxaa ka mid noqon kara:
- Daawooyin: Beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, digoxin, anti-arrhythmics, iyo dhiig-khafiifiyayaal.
- Cardioversion: Koronto ama daawo lagu celiyo garaac caadi ah.
- Cardiac ablation: Hab lagu gubo ama lagu qaboojiyo qayb ka mid ah wadnaha si loo joojiyo calaamadaha khaldan.
- Qalliinka Maze procedure: Lagu sameeyo nabarro gaar ah si loo xakameeyo calaamadaha koronto.
Hab-nololeed Caafimaad Leh
- Cun miro, khudaar iyo qamadi dhan.
- Jimicsi joogto ah samee.
- Jooji sigaarka.
- Xakamee cadaadiska dhiigga.
- Yaree khamriga.
- Samee hurdo wanaagsan.
- Samee baaritaanno caafimaad oo joogto ah.