Ma loo baahan yahay in dadka qaba autisamka oo leh baahiyo aad u sarreeya loo sameeyo ogaansho (diagnosis) gaar ah? Warbixin ay diyaarisay AP ayaa soo bandhigtay qodobbada ugu muhiimsan dooddaas.
Maxaa la soo jeediyay?
Markii qeexidda autisamka la ballaariyay sannadihii u dambeeyay, waxaa soo baxay dadaal lagu doonayo in la sameeyo ogaansho cusub oo loo bixiyay “profound autism” (autisam aad u daran). Qeexiddan waxaa loogu talagalay dadka u baahan daryeel joogto ah oo noloshooda oo dhan ah.
Sida ay sheegtay Judith Ursitti, madaxweynaha Profound Autism Alliance, dadka ku jira kooxdan ma helaan daaweyn, taageero iyo adeegyo ku filan, mana jiraan xirfadlayaal ku filan oo tababaran si ay u maareeyaan baahiyahooda. Waxay sidoo kale tilmaantay in inta badan cilmi-baarista caafimaad aysan ku jirin dadka baahiyaha ugu sarreeya leh.
“Haddii aan cilmi-baaris jirin, ma jiri doonto daaweyn. Ma jiri doonaan adeegyo iyo taageerooyin la gaari karo,” ayay tiri Ursitti, oo wiilkeeda qaangaarka ah uu qabo autisam aad u daran.
Sababta dooddu u dhalatay
Heerarka autisamka ayaa kordhay tobannaan sano. Laba arrimood ayaa sabab u ah:
- Ogaanshaha autisamka ayaa hadda aad u ballaaran, kuna jira dad leh baahiyo taageero oo hooseeya.
- Wacyigelin wanaagsan ayaa sababtay in carruur badan la ogaado, badankoodna xaaladdoodu waa mid fudud.
Maraykanka gudaheeda, qiyaastii 1 ka mid ah 31 carruur ah ayaa qaba autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Qiyaastii rubuc (25%) ka mid ah ayaa lagu qiyaasaa inay qabaan “profound autism” — eray la soo bandhigay 2021-kii oo ay isticmaaleen khubaro ka tirsan Lancet Commission. Qeexiddan waxay tilmaamaysaa dadka u baahan daryeel joogto ah, leh naafo maskaxeed oo heer gaar ah ah, isla markaana aan hadlin ama hadalkoodu aad u kooban yahay.
Isbeddelkii hore ee ogaanshaha
Kahor 2013, dadkaas waxaa laga yaabaa in lagu ogaado “autistic disorder” — mid ka mid ah shan nooc oo hoos imaanayay cudur loo yaqaan “pervasive developmental disorders.”
Laakiin 2013, American Psychiatric Association ayaa meesha ka saartay kala-soociddaas, waxayna abuurtay hal qeexid oo guud: autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Dadka ka soo horjeeda fikradda
Qaar ka mid ah bulshada autisamka ayaa ka walaacsan in ogaansho gaar ah oo “profound autism” ah ay yareyn karto fiiro gaar ah oo la siiyo dadka kale ee ku jira spectrum-ka.
Dena Gassner, oo ah cilmi-baare sare oo ka tirsan Drexel University isla markaana leh ilmo qaangaar ah oo qaba autisam, ayaa sheegtay inay ku adkaanayso in qof lagu dhejiyo sumad “profound autism,” maadaama ay noqon karto mid ceebeyn (stigma) dhalisa.
Waxay tiri dhibaatadu ma aha autisamka laftiisa, balse waa “yaraanta weyn ee taageerooyinka iyo adeegyada” ee bulshada dhexdeeda. Waxay ku baaqday in bulshada oo dhan ay si mideysan uga hadlaan adeegyada loo baahan yahay dhammaan dadka ku jira spectrum-ka.
Aragti kale
Andy Shih, madaxa sayniska ee Autism Speaks, ayaa sheegay in inkastoo dadku ku kala aragti duwan yihiin magaca ama ogaanshaha cusub, haddana “wax shaki ah kama jiro in loo baahan yahay in kor loo qaado wacyiga ku saabsan baahiyaha kooxdan.”
Gunaanad
Dooddu waxay ku saabsan tahay laba arrimood:
- In la helo aqoonsi gaar ah si loo helo cilmi-baaris iyo adeegyo ku habboon dadka baahiyaha aadka u sarreeya leh.
- Ama in la ilaaliyo hal spectrum oo mideysan si aan loo kala qaybin bulshada autisamka.
Ujeeddada guud ee labada dhinacba waa isku mid: in dadka qaba autisamka — gaar ahaan kuwa u baahan daryeel joogto ah — ay helaan taageero iyo adeegyo ku filan.