Bukaannada qaba sonkorowga Nooca 1aad (Type 1 diabetes) waxay lumiyeen unugyada khaaska ah ee ganaca (pancreas) ee soo saara insulin-ta, taasoo gelisa khatar suuxdin ama miyir-beel ka dhasha hoos-u-dhac daran oo sonkorta dhiigga ah (hypoglycemia).
Laakiin maxaa dhici lahaa haddii unugyadii insulin-ta soo saari jiray ee burburay lagu beddeli karo kuwo caafimaad qaba?
Taasi waa fikradda ka dambeysa daaweyn cusub oo laga bixiyo University Hospitals, taasoo ku shubaysa unugyo loo yaqaan “islet cells” oo soo saara insulin, kuwaas oo laga helo xubno lagu deeqay, bukaannada qaba sonkorowga Nooca 1aad ee leh hoos-u-dhac sonkor oo joogto ah.
Qaar ka mid ah bukaannada, unugyada la shubay waxay soo saaraan insulin ku filan, taasoo ka dhigaysa inaysan mar dambe u baahnayn cirbadaha insulin-ta, sida ay sheegtay Dr. Betul Hatipoglu, madaxa cilmiga hormoonnada (endocrinology) iyo agaasimaha xarunta Diabetes & Metabolic Care Center ee UH.
UH waa mid ka mid ah meelaha yar ee gobolka Ohio ka bixiya daaweynta Lantidra, oo ah daaweynta ugu wax-ku-oolka badan uguna waqti dheer ee ay oggolaatay Food and Drug Administration (FDA) si loogu daaweeyo in ka badan 2 milyan oo Maraykan ah oo qaba sonkorowga Nooca 1aad.
Daaweyntan looma isticmaalo dadka qaba sonkorowga Nooca 2aad, kaasoo dhacaya marka jirku weli soo saaro insulin balse uusan si sax ah u isticmaalin.
Tijaabooyinkii caafimaad ee Lantidra, qiyaastii 70% ka-qaybgalayaasha ma aysan u baahnayn insulin hal sano kadib. Shan sano kadib, 34% bukaannada ayaa wali si madax-bannaan uga maarmayay insulin-ta.
“Qaar ka mid ah bukaannada, tani waxay u noqon kartaa daawo buuxda (cure) oo sonkorowga Nooca 1aad,” ayay tiri Hatipoglu.
Hatipoglu waxay ka mid ahayd cilmi-baarayaashii hore ee ka shaqeeyay daaweynta unugyada islet-ka intii ay ahayd agaasimaha barnaamijka beerista ganaca iyo unugyada islet-ka ee University of Illinois Health at Chicago. Shaqadeedu way sii socotay kadib markii ay ku biirtay UH.
Waxay sheegtay inay aragtay isbeddel weyn oo ku yimid bukaannadii ka qayb qaatay tijaabooyinkii Chicago.
“Mar dambe kama walwalaan sonkor-hoose,” ayay tiri. “Culays weyn ayaa laga qaaday.”
‘Sii qof kasta oo u qalma’
Qaar ka mid ah dadka qaba sonkorowga Nooca 1aad ma awoodaan inay si wanaagsan u xakameeyaan sonkorta dhiigga inkastoo ay qaataan insulin, waxayna la kulmaan isbeddello waaweyn oo sonkorta dhiigga ah, mar aad u sarreeya, marna aad u hooseeya.
Daaweynta Lantidra, unugyada islet-ka ayaa laga soo saaraa ganaca qof dhintay oo deeq bixiye ah, kadibna loo beddelaa dareere lagu shubo jirka. Unugyadaas waxaa lagu duraa xidid gaar ah oo si toos ah ugu qulqula beerka (liver), halkaas oo ay ku degaan kuna bilaabaan soo saarista insulin.
“Ujeeddada ugu weyn ee daaweyntan waa in bukaanka la siiyo nolol ammaan ah oo ka madax bannaan khatarta weerarro halis gelin kara nolosha oo ka dhasha sonkor-hoose,” ayay tiri Hatipoglu.
Bukaannadu mararka qaarkood waxay u baahan karaan ilaa saddex jeer oo shubid ah ka hor inta aysan joojin insulin-ta. Sidoo kale, waa inay qaataan dawooyin hoos u dhiga difaaca jirka (immunosuppressive drugs) si jirku uusan u diidin unugyada lagu shubay.
Gelinta unugyada islet-ka beerka waa ka sahlan tahay in dib loogu celiyo ganaca ama la sameeyo qalliin ganac-beddel (pancreas transplant).
Lantidra waxaa ansixisay FDA sanadkii 2023, balse hadda ayay si ballaaran u bilaabatay in la bixiyo. UH waxay bilowday bixinta daaweyntan dabayaaqadii 2025.
UH waxay hadda sameyneysaa baaritaanno si loo helo bukaanno ku habboon daaweyntan. Qofka musharraxa ah waa inuu la kulmay ugu yaraan hal dhacdo oo sonkor-hoose halis ah sanadkii la soo dhaafay, isla markaana uu la jaanqaadi karo ganac deeq ah.
Dadka si wanaagsan ugu xakameeya sonkorta iyagoo isticmaalaya insulin ma aha musharraxiin ku habboon daaweyntan.
Hatipoglu waxay rajaynaysaa in habkan shubista unugyada islet-ku uu wax ka beddeli doono nolosha dad badan oo qaba sonkorowga Nooca 1aad.
“Waxaad rabtaa inaad siiso qof kasta oo u qalma,” ayay tiri.